Word: bottom-up
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...BOTTOM-UP INDIFFERANCE
...guarantee a college education; they simply equip girls to maximize their impact in their hometowns by holding jobs outside the home and ensuring the education of the next generation of girls. In doing so, these schools afford women new economic value in their local communities and animate a bottom-up theory of change...
...counterintuitive as it may seem, these two methods of educating girls in the developing world are complementary rather than contrary. Both the risky and the safe, the top-down and the bottom-up, the leadership academy and the village school are necessary to affect meaningful change in the developing world, be it economic or otherwise...
...bottom-up effort," says Curtis. "You need local buy-in every step of the way, so towns will pass resolutions to help start putting in charging infrastructure, put in special lanes and enforce speed limits...
...what if all of this governmental hastiness doesn’t get us anywhere? After all, the only effective national defense that took place on 9/11 was bottom-up rather than top-down: the passengers who took back United Flight 93. The fighter jets could not scramble fast enough, and we may not have wanted them to: Who decides to shoot down a passenger plane, and what criteria does he or she use? We must stop assuming that we face a choice between heroic governmental protection from terrorism and no protection at all. At least with regard to airborne terror...