Word: rna
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Stephen J. Elledge, a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School and head of the lab in which the study took place. With this understanding, Elledge and his team systematically deactivated every gene in the human genome—testing some 20,000 different genes—using new RNA interference technology, hoping to determine the genes in the host cells that the virus relied upon for infection...
...global financial meltdown weren’t enough, this spring introduced scary words like “novel virus” and “pandemic,” bumping the financial crisis off the headlines. The attention-grabbing RNA virus took the world by surprise and, thanks to air travel, spread rapidly from its origin in Mexico to every continent. The virus’ spread was a perfect storm of mutation (a combination of swine, human, and avian elements), little to no human immunity, and no available vaccine against it. To make matters worse, everyone was touting its similarity...
Rathore used a new technique, called RNA interference, to construct a genetic sequence that blocked the gossypol-producing enzyme in the seeds only. After succeeding in the lab, he began a test in a greenhouse to see if the genetically modified cotton plant would survive and pass on its new trait. Rathore's just-compiled data show that the modified cotton appears to be normal in every way other than the fact that it has instantly edible seeds. "What works in the greenhouse should hold true in the fields," he says...
...guts of CCD-afflicted bees, the microarray analysis showed unusual fragments of ribosomal RNA. Ribosomes are essentially the protein factories inside cells - they're vital to the health of the cell itself and the larger organism. Berenbaum believes that the presence of those genetic fragments inside the CCD-afflicted bees indicates that they may be under attack by a number of insect viruses - including deformed wing virus and Israeli acute paralysis virus - that damage the ribosomes. "It was the one factor that remained consistently associated with the CCD bees we tested, no matter where they came from or how severe...
...next step, researchers said, is to create a ribosome that will be completely synthetic, without the use of bacterial RNA and other protein additives...