Word: outputted
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Soviet economists would argue that it was only by following government dictates that the country was able to recover from the devastation of World War II. Following massive investments of both capital and labor, agricultural output has risen by an average of 3% annually since 1953. Even though the diet remains starchy and the nation's overburdened and inefficient distribution system produces periodic shortages of everything from pork to potatoes, per capita food consumption has nonetheless more than doubled since 1951, a feat unmatched by any other advanced nation. Industrial growth has also been heady; the Soviet gross national...
...reportedly unable to replace corrosion-prone cast iron pipes with more up-to-date plastic piping because no factory could be persuaded to make the lighter product. Reason: pipe production quotas are set by GOSPLAN in tons, and any factory that switched from cast iron to plastic pipe output would immediately fall behind in its production quotas...
...nation employs eight times as many farm workers as does the U.S., or about 23% of the entire Soviet work force. The farm sector soaks up about one-quarter of all investment capital, five times more than that spent in the U.S. Yet for all this, actual farm output remains only 80% of the U.S.'s. Says Soviet Economic Expert Gregory Grossman of the University of California at Berkeley: "The organization is wrong, the prices are wrong, the tools are wrong. Basically, everything is wrong...
...spread of so-called agribusiness conglomerates in the U.S., the differences are enormous because workers have little concern about production results on a state farm. Proof: the 2% to 3% of the Soviet Union's farm land that is privately owned produces about 25% of all Soviet agricultural output, primarily vegetables, fruit, milk and meat...
Farm efficiency is further crimped by the scarcity of trained manpower. With more and more young people leaving the farms and heading for factory work in the nation's cities, agricultural output is being left increasingly in the hands of the elderly and the less skilled...