Word: mid-19th
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...people so certain of their birthright be disoriented? More to the point, how can the French feel lost when France has emerged as the master builder of modern Europe? Not since the mid-19th century, when Baron Haussmann thrust his boulevards through rancid slums, has Paris experienced such a fever of construction and renewal. With a Metro that works, streets kept remarkably clean by 5,000 green-uniformed sweepers, parks planted like Impressionist paintings and bakeries galore, Paris may well represent the apogee of civilized city living -- for those who can afford the rent. Yet not since Parisians finally ousted...
...campaign, which is designed to ignite the faithful as well as sell non- Catholics and political leaders on the excellence of parochial schools, promotes them as "the best-kept secret in the U.S." This they are not -- parochial schools have been part of U.S. education since the mid-19th century, and currently serve 2.5 million children. The real secret is how these schools have been able to do more for less. In the austere '90s, their cost-controlled quality and focus on fundamentals could serve as a model for public school systems seeking to conquer the problems of drugs, violence...
...wants to live as long as possible. And given the enormous strides made in medicine and the health sciences during the past 150 years, people could be forgiven for hoping that someday human beings will live, if not quite forever, at least far longer than at present. Since the mid-19th century, average life expectancy at birth has nearly doubled: from 40 years to 75. Today many people live past 100, and the oldest individuals have reached either 115 or 120, depending on whom you believe...
...Western--especially an American--ideal based on notions of competitive advantage, equality and reciprocity. I do not believe the philosophical underpinnings of Japanese thought or historical records supports acceptance of such. In a broad sense, the U.S. has been having a trade war with Japan since the mid-19th century. The most recent string of bouts was rekindled in the early 1970s concerning textile, followed by steel, consumer electronics, automobiles, semiconductors, et cetera...
...mid-19th century the great powers opposed the upsurge of democracy. Czar Nicholas I of Russia, for example, sent an army to Hungary to crush the revolt there. By contrast, this year's revolutionaries have had the tacit blessing, and sometimes the explicit encouragement, of the Czar's successor as the most powerful man in Russia, Mikhail Gorbachev. By what he has done -- and, perhaps more important, by what he has refrained from doing -- the Soviet leader has made possible the astonishing events of this year...