Word: marcel
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...nuclear technology. The country's four atomic power plants use natural uranium, the only nuclear fuel available to France in large amounts. The least fissionable of atomic fuels, natural uranium requires costly installations. The system has been a technical success but an economic failure. Says Marcel Boiteux, general manager of Electricité de France, the state-controlled power network: "The cost of electricity is 50% higher than that produced by more traditional systems...
...last analysis," wrote Marcel Duchamp, the most cerebral artist of the 20th century, "the artist may shout from all the rooftops that he is a genius; he will have to wait for the verdict of the spectator in order that his declarations take a social value and that, finally, posterity includes him in the primers of art history." Right now Oldenburg-and some of his fellow Popsters as well-seems assured of a place in the primers...
...which has forced some unfavorable economic comparisons not only with the U.S., but also with West Germany or even The Netherlands and Italy. France's showcase industries remain a pride and a strength. The Caravelle, first of the second-generation jet transports, the famous Mirage jet fighter of Marcel Dassault and the largely French-designed supersonic Concorde testify to the inventiveness of France's aeronautical industry. But for lack of more mundane skills, particularly in the important areas of engineering and middle-echelon management, French products cannot compete with Italian refrigerators and washing machines, Dutch toasters and transistors...
...French biologists refused to panic. Taking samples of the splotchy growth back to their lab near Paris, Biologists Marcel Lefevre and Guy Laporte found that they were teeming with microorganisms. Yet only one was multiplying massively enough to produce the ugly green discoloration on the cave walls. The culprit, the scientists report in the British journal Studies in Speleology, was a hardy, spherical alga called Palmellococcus...
...Gropius founded the Bauhaus in Weimar, probably the most stimulating and revolutionary design school of all time. Artists Paul Klee, Josef Albers and Wassily Kandinsky taught alongside Architects Marcel Breuer and Mies van der Rohe, among others, sharing their excitement with one another and the students. They brought together all the arts: weaving and furniture-making, as well as graphics, painting and architecture. Their work, regardless of medium, material or size, recognized the force of industrialism and the beauty of the machine. It was an entirely new way of looking at the world...