Word: hydrocarbons
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Under a blazing sun, the governors of Colorado and Utah last week took part in a historic ceremony: the opening of the first privately financed U.S. plant to make gasoline in quantity from a solid hydrocarbon. The place: American Gilsonite Co.'s new $14 million refinery outside Grand Junction, Colo. There, as Colorado's Steven L. R. McNichols and Utah's George Dewey Clyde each pulled a handle, water gushed from a pipeline, turned black with particles of Gilsonite...
...petroleum scientists who first learned how to extract hydrogen cheaply from natural gas or petroleum, and also how to use gas pressures from below to smelt ore. This "fluidized bed" method of ore-handling is used by all direct-reduction processes except the R-N method. ¶Hydrocarbon Research. Inc. and Bethlehem Steel have developed and extensively tested their "H-Iron" process. This process has the unique distinction of being the only one on which detailed cost figures have so far been revealed. Hydrocarbon's Dr. Arthur M. Squires recently told an audience of oldtime blast furnacemen in Pittsburgh...
...squirrel deterrents. Among them: weasel scent, tree paint, rabbit repellent, electric shock devices, steel-tape armor, 24-in. barriers of galvanized iron on telephone poles. None of these measures have worked. Several years ago, a researcher thought he had the answer in a brand-new repellent made of chlorinated hydrocarbon, found that its only effect was to make the squirrels chew treated cables and ignore the untreated ones. Lethal measures, e.g., coating the cables with paint containing ground glass, were blocked by protests from the A.S.P.C.A...
...smog fighters from all over the U.S. suggested that smog irritation may not be caused by the obviously suspect fumes from exhaust pipes and smoke stacks. The theory: combustion in power plants and all types of engines throws hundreds of tons of nitrogen oxides into the air, along with hydrocarbon compounds. The oxides absorb energy from sunlight, which enables them to turn hydrocarbon compounds into what chemists call "free radicals," i.e., fragments of molecules free to form new chemical compounds. Possible result: rare chemicals in the air never suspected in smog...
...sample containing Carbon 14 (perhaps from a Sumerian tomb) is dissolved in a hydrocarbon fluid in a 4-in. tube. Radiation from its unstable atoms makes the liquid give flashes of light. They are too faint for human eyes to see, but photomultiplier tubes pick them up. The whole system is immersed in liquid mercury. As a further safeguard, the counting apparatus is adjusted so that it ignores all flashes of light too weak or too strong to come from Carbon...