Word: geneses
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By activating an enzyme that is used in transmitting signals within nerve cells, which Benowitz referred to as the "master switch," inosine stimulates the remaining nerve cells to express genes that enable them to extend a new axon.
I was guest lecturer in a class studying the anthropology of America. I thought: Where do you start? How do you approach such a chaos of genes? Where do you seek a core sample?
But though it looks very different from most humans, the worm shares 40 percent of its genes with man, including almost its entire insulin pathway.
In their recent study, Ruvkun and his colleagues first used genetic tricks to deactivate genes that encode the proteins--known as receptors--that respond to insulin signaling in many worm tissues, creating a group of long-lived individuals.
Next, the researchers put the parts back in, but only in certain areas. In separate experiments, they turned insulin receptor genes back on in different worm tissues: first in the intestine but not the brain, then the brain but not the muscle, and so on.