Word: yugoslav
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...third year as the country's first female Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright, a child of Europe's dark century, pushed and prodded the U.S. and its allies to punish the Continent's latest ethnic cleanser. It was a career-defining event: the NATO campaign to drive Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic's forces out of Kosovo became known as Madeleine's War. Through 78 days of bombing, Albright kept wavering allies on board, until Milosevic finally backed down. There were no U.S. combat deaths. NATO jets failed to stop Serbs from killing 10,000 Kosovars and driving an additional...
Having reached the rank of general in the Yugoslav People's Army, Tudjman became disillusioned by the communists' hegemonic policies created by Tito. When he expressed his dissatisfaction with the regime, he was forced out of political life and turned to academia. After receiving his Ph.D. in history from the University of Zagreb, Tudjman became a specialist on 20th-century Yugoslav history. His chief concern in his academic writing was the preservation of Croatian identity...
...elected president, he declared Croatia's independence. The following year, Croatia was internationally recognized. The Croatian will for independence, of which Tudjman became the embodiment, was answered with violence. The Yugoslav People's Army and Serb paramilitary forces attacked Croatian citizens first hesitantly and then in a more open war. Croatia simultaneously faced open aggression and the tasks of political maturation. Tudjman took on both these major challenges to the newborn nation...
...Yugoslav People's Army was, according to the American diplomat George Kennan, the third strongest in Europe. A Croatian army did not exist in the early '90s. On the one hand, Tudjman managed to organize resistance and thus prevent the total crushing of a young democracy by tanks--a scenario that would have been comparable to the events in Tiananmen Square...
...proved to be a more difficult obstacle, and many believe it was conducted in an unfair manner, giving preference to his party associates. However, the economy did not fall into depression, and Tudjman was able to introduce a stable currency, the kuna, avoiding the rampant inflation of the old Yugoslav dinar...