Word: virologist
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Died. Dr. Thomas Francis Jr., 69, pioneering American virologist and head of the epidemiology department at the University of Michigan; following abdominal surgery; in Ann Arbor, Mich. In 1934 Francis made medical history by isolating the classic A strain of influenza; he identified the virulent B strain in 1940, and by 1944 he had conquered both with a vaccine so dependable that it was used to inoculate the entire U.S. Army two years later. But his greatest success came in 1954, when he supervised (he unprecedented field trials (covering 1,800,000 children in 44 states at an expense...
That, Gajdusek says, may have been a mistake. Some of these delayed-fuse viruses may take years to exert their malign effects in small animals, and decades in long-lived Homo sapiens. Virologist Gajdusek, a human whirlwind who goes around the world half a dozen times a year, decided to become a model of patience. At the institute, he set up a long-range study program with a variety of animals, ranging from tree shrews to sheep and goats, a dozen species of monkeys, and a number of forbiddingly expensive chimpanzees...
...have so richly deserved a Nobel Prize in medicine as Virologist Francis Peyton Rous, 87, of Manhattan's Rockefeller University, and Surgeon Charles Brenton Huggins, 65, of the University of Chicago. But each man seemed to have lost his chance long ago. It is more than 50 years since Rous did his pioneering cancer research, more than 25 since Huggins made his impressive contributions to treatment of the same disease. But last week Stockholm's Royal Caroline Institute belatedly corrected both glaring omissions. It named Drs. Rous and Huggins to share the 1966 Nobel Prize in physiology...
Died. Dr. Richard E. Shope, 64, pioneer virologist, who in 38 years at the Rockefeller Institute was the first to isolate an influenza virus (1931) and the first to prove that a virus could cause cancer in rabbits (1932), scored two other feats by surviving a form of meningitis (caught from lab mice) rarely found in humans and by being one of the few to survive eastern equine encephalitis without brain damage; of cancer of the pancreas; in Manhattan...
...decade since Virologist Jonas Salk perfected his anti-polio vaccine, the disease has been all but wiped out in the U.S. Reported cases of paralytic polio have dramatically declined, from 18,000 cases in 1954 to a mere 94 last year; the chance of getting polio today is less than the risk of diphtheria, malaria or typhoid fever. Last week, on the tenth anniversary of the approval of the Salk vaccine for general use, congressional leaders presented Dr. Salk with a joint resolution of the Senate and House expressing the nation's gratitude. The U.S. Public Health Service...