Word: thyroid
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...became seriously interested in football at the age of 14, when he grew to 5 ft. 11 in. and 150 Ibs., an advantage that helped him star in basketball, baseball, track and wrestling as well. At Stanford, though, his size almost caused a change in careers. Weakened by a thyroid operation, Plunkett was so unimpressive as a freshman quarterback that Coach John Ralston wanted to switch him to defensive end. But Plunkett was adamant. "I," he informed Ralston, "am a quarterback...
What makes radioisotopes so valuable is that they can be used selectively. Isotopes of iodine, for example, incorporate in the thyroid gland, where they can be used in both the detection and treatment of cancer, in some cases even eliminating the need for surgery. Fluorine, a related element, has a radioactive isotope (F18) that concentrates in bones, facilitating the detection of bone cancers...
...Bartter team started with two known facts. Parathyroid hormone, secreted by the thyroid's tiny satellite glands, directs the removal of calcium from bone and its release into the blood. One of the thyroid's own hormones, thyrocalcitonin, controls the converse-the transfer of calcium from blood to bone. These two hormones balance each other in normal metabolism by an exquisitely delicate feedback mechanism. Too little calcium in the blood signals the parathyroids to take some out of the bones and put it into circulation; a sufficiency of calcium in the blood induces a stop order from...