Word: subjectively
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Dates: during 1920-1920
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...first step is an agreement on a constitution providing usually for a board of arbitration. Executive control is left in the hands of the employer but subject to the limitations of the agreement and the decrees of the board. The representatives of the employees usually labor union officials, strive through the board to extent these limitations to in hibit all acts of the employer which the employees or their officials conceive to be of any disadvantage to themselves. The system resembles a constitutional monarchy...
...effect of law. In practice, legislation originates in several ways: (1) The constitution or basic agreement entered into by the parties at stated intervals for definite terms and with which the decisions of the board of arbitration must harmonize; (2) administrative orders promulgated by the employer and subject to veto or alteration by the board of arbitration on the ground of unconstitutionality; (3) judicial decisions having the force of precedents by the board of arbitration in adjudicating complaints--"judge-made...
...founders and a former president of the American Chamber of Commerce in France, has donated to the Chamber the sum of 10,000 francs as a prize fund, to be distributed in equal shares this year and next, for the best essay or treatise on the subject of "Toleration," economic, political or religious. All members of the University are eligible for this prize...
...Peartree's object in creating this fund is to draw attention to this subject, which he believes is one of the fundamental elements of human happiness and progress. He also hopes that this contest will result in the offering of other similar prizes so that persons may be stimulated from time to time to use this means of expressing thoughts explanatory of what "Toleration" really means in economic, political and religious relations...
...treatises may deal with the subject from every point of view or with any part, phase or aspect of it. Those treatises receiving the prizes will be placed in the library of the Chamber; while others of merit selected by the jury will also be placed in the library, provided the authors consent...