Word: stainless
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...output.) Instead of coal (used in blast furnaces for iron-making, in open hearth furnaces for steel), West Coast steel plants would depend on electric furnaces fueled by new Bonneville generators to process iron ore (or scrap) directly into steel. A January 1938 War Department publication noted that stainless and other special electrolitic steels for war purposes are "peculiarly adapted for production in the Pacific Coast low cost power areas...
...lightest of all metals. It is a third lighter than aluminum. Chemically wedded to copper or nickel, it makes an extremely hard, tough alloy. Nickel with only 2% of beryllium in it has a tensile strength of 260,000 pounds per square inch, as against 90,000 for stainless steel. Moreover, this nickel-beryllium alloy maintains high tensile strength and resistance to "fatigue" up to temperatures around 1,000° C. For some time Germany has used beryllium for bushings, valve springs and other airplane and automotive engine parts which must combine strength with heat-resistance...
...objects delicately bobbled, jiggled, woggled, teetered and tottered on their moorings. Some were powered by tiny electric motors, others needed a gentle push to set them going. These were "Mobiles." There were also "Stabiles"-a fantastic, animal-like limb from a tree; and the William Paley Radio Trophy of stainless steel cones surmounted by wires. These stayed perfectly still. Motionless or jiggly, they were all creations of Alexander ("Sandy") Calder, a hulking, greying, boyish onetime mechanical engineer, onetime painter. Though his Mobiles and Stabiles did not pretend to mean anything-except possibly No. 8, which resembled a pair of deliberate...
Metallurgists have tried to produce colored stainless steel for years. One of the first patents, issued to Columbia University's crack Electrochemist Colin Garfield Fink in 1933, has never been industrially developed. Researchers of Allegheny-Ludlum Steel Corp. are reported to have hit on a promising technique, but they are keeping it under wraps for the present. Mr. Bach, skeptical of patent protection, kept mum about his method for quite a while...
...chemicals (formula undisclosed) and heated. The coated steel turns black, gold, bronze, purple, blue, red or green, and the color becomes an integral part of the surface. The treatment increases the corrosion resistance of 6% chrome steel (16¾? per Ib.) almost to that of high-grade chrome-nickel stainless steel (34? per lb.). Said Iron Age: "The increase in corrosion resistance, in part verified by at least several disinterested laboratories, is astonishing." Last week Mr. Bach declared that use of cheap steel, thus colored and corrosion-proofed would greatly reduce the cost of prefabricated houses...