Word: solarized
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Dates: during 1960-1960
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...world has a new scout in the space between the planets. Its paddle-shaped solar batteries wheeling in the glaring sunlight of airless space, Pioneer V, a 94.8-lb. sphere only 26 in. in diameter, was the first interplanetary traveler with a far-ranging and long-lasting voice. If all goes well, scientists will be hearing from Pioneer V steadily for the next five months, then sporadically for years to come, as it swings back within range...
...transmitter. Every hour on the half-hour Young turned the transmitter on and listened to its woo-woo sound for 15 minutes. Then he turned it off to permit the 4,800 silicon cells in Pioneer V's four "paddles" to recharge its storage batteries with solar-generated electricity. This routine was repeated successfully until the earth's rotation put Pioneer V below Jodrell Bank's horizon...
...falls, it will pick up speed from the sun's gravitational field and will creep ahead of the earth. After a while, it will be moving fast enough to stop falling and to maintain itself in an eccentric solar orbit. The more backward speed the probe has when it clears the earth, the slower it will be moving around the sun and the farther it will fall toward the sun before it goes into a solar orbit. To fall all the way to Venus, whose orbit is 25 million miles inside the earth's, a probe would have...
...other space probes, one U.S. and the other Russian, have gone into solar orbits, but their radios went dead a few hundred thousand miles from the earth. Pioneer V's 150-watt transmitter is designed to work indefinitely. It will accumulate information in a recording device, send it in a five-minute burst, and then rest for five hours while the solar cells recharge its batteries. NASA scientists hope that it will still be transmitting in 1963 when Pioneer V will overtake the earth and again come within the 50 million-mile range...
Died. Samuel Alfred Mitchell, 85, longtime (1913-45) astronomer at the University of Virginia, who calculated the distances to 1,800 stars, in a lifetime traveled 90,000 miles for advantageous looks at the "most gorgeous spectacle in science"-the solar eclipse; in Bloomington...