Word: shinto
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Japanese soldier has on him a charm, worn in life to ward off death. Often a man draws about himself a magic circle (the round of his life is full; no escape) and puts a bullet in his head. Instead of cremating bodies to be returned home for proper Shinto burial, Army officers cut off heads, cremate them for home burial, and bury the bodies in China, or drop them in rivers or wells. All these things prey on the Japanese will to fight...
...stock picture of the Japanese soldier in China is a uniformed fanatic who is taught from birth that dying for his Emperor automatically gives him a ticket into the Shinto heaven. At home, his relatives are pictured as accepting with happy little Japanese smiles the news of his death at the front...
...North and South, spend more than $300,000 a year to support a Korean Presbyterian Church with 100,000 members. The Japanese Government feels less sure of Koreans than it does of Japanese, worries more about their exposure to Occidental influences. Increasingly in the past five years, beginning when Shinto services were held for soldiers dead in China and Manchukuo, the Government has put pressure upon Korean Christians to join in what it calls "patriotic" ceremonies at Shinto shrines. Christian teachers have been ordered to take their Christian classes to the shrines, join in observances which involve obeisance...
Last week the Sunday School Times, world's largest weekly of its kind (circulation: 63,500). brought up the question of whether or not a Christian should bow at a Shinto shrine. Emphatically answering no, it saluted Dr. Charles Darby Fulton, affable, Japanese-speaking secretary of the Southern Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions, who ordered schools in his jurisdiction in Korea closed-in defiance of the Japanese Government-wherever there were nearby shrines. Korean Presbyterian churches, which are self-governing, may well follow Secretary Fulton's example if the Government tries to force their leaders to visit shrines...
...number of Northern missionaries in Korea have sought to keep their schools open by bowing. The case for these Northerners, as reported in World Christianity by Missionary Horace Underwood. is that the ceremonies at Shinto shrines are no more religious than those in which floral offerings are placed in Lincoln Memorial or on the tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington. As Missionary Underwood described a Shinto ceremony, it involves "making a slight inclination of the head and body" when a command is given which means: "Respectful Salute!" Wrote he: "No genuflection or prostration is required." Furthermore, the Government permits...