Word: receptor
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...conjunction with his colleague, Ruslan Medzhitov, Janeway discovered a receptor involved in organizing the layered responses to infection in the human immune system that closely resembled receptors in other organisms...
...Sixty's hypothesis is that buckyballs offer a master-key approach, functioning as a universal molecule that can be, in a sense, weaponized to attack any enzyme or receptor that plays a role in a disease's development. C-Sixty is assembling libraries of new buckyball-based molecules that it will test for potential therapeutic value. Early next year, it will conduct human trials of fullerene-based drugs for HIV and Lou Gehrig's disease. With about one-tenth the toxicity of the current HIV drug cocktails, the company's molecule targets new strains of the constantly mutating virus that...
WHAT HAS GONE WRONG: Bipolar patients have a 40% loss of the serotonin 1a receptor in the raphe, which may contribute to atrophy of neurons and depression...
...TIME: How can marijuana "blow the mind"? Greenfield : Drugs interfere with the careful interplay of chemical and electrical impulses between cells, throwing out the balance of the brain either by causing too many chemicals to be released or by stopping the cells' chemical transmitters reaching the vital receptors. The reason marijuana is so potent is that it has its own receptor in the brain. The more you smoke, the less sensitive the receptor becomes. TIME: How is a person's behavior affected? Greenfield : Research shows that the drug leads to impaired memory and coordination. These effects may be long-term...
...OPTIONS Most treatments are aimed at relieving symptoms or prolonging life a few months or years. Surgery or radiation to remove or at least try to shrink any tumors. Chemotherapy. Herceptin for those cancers that express an excess of the Her2 receptor. Tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor, if they haven't already been used, for those tumors that respond to estrogen. (Clinical trials of both herceptin and aromatase inhibitors in earlier stages of breast cancer are under...