Word: quotas
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Dates: during 1990-1990
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...both whites and blacks about the worth of any black achievement. However much people may deny it, no one can see a black professor or doctor without having the thought run through his mind: Did he make it on his own or did he get through on a quota? These doubts gratuitously reinforce in both blacks and whites a presumption of racial inferiority...
Last week, after a high-level tussle in which staunch anti-quota advocates beat back more pragmatic advisers, the Administration trotted Williams in front of reporters to announce a tangled compromise: pending a four-year review, federally aided colleges may set aside some scholarships for minority students only if the awards come from specially designated private donations or federal programs -- but not if the money comes from the institutions' general operating funds...
...radical change from past Soviet policies,in June of 1988 Gorbachev decided to allow smallgroups of Russians to lease land for 50 years andsell on the market any output they produce overthe state-imposed quota. Not quite privateownership, but this piece of legislation is aconcession that incentives--the bastion ofcapitalism--are necessary in any economy...
...blow came eight days before the election. A widely broadcast commercial that was quickly dubbed the "white hands" spot showed the hands of a worker crumpling a letter of rejection. The narration: "You needed that job, but they had to give it to a minority because of a racial quota. Is that really fair? Gantt says it is." In fact, Gantt had said the opposite about quotas, but the ad put him on the defensive. His response -- "This time, don't be taken in by the sleaze" -- failed to quench the fear and resentment ignited by Helms' adroit strategy. Said...
...controversial Helms ad showed a white hand crumpling a rejection slip. "You needed that job, and you were the best qualified. But they had to give it to a minority because of a racial quota. Is that really fair?" That is, at the very least, a crude description of how affirmative action works. But simple mathematics dictates that every job gained by a black or a woman through such efforts is a job lost by a white or a man. Whether that is "fair" depends on knowing the unknowable: whether, without all past and present discrimination, a black...