Word: processing
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Dates: during 1930-1930
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...repudiate all enforcement policies that do not regard and safeguard every personal right. . . . Personal habits and the conduct of the home are in the field of private morals. These should not be touched by the hand of the law unless they cross their boundaries and then only by due process of law. . . . The primary attack is on the traffic of intoxicating liquors...
...however, the legal adviser to the chief of the U. S. Army Air Service opined that rights in property were so rigid that a constitutional amendment might be necessary to save aviation from becoming a deprivation of property without process...
...Nitrate Corp., has bulked larger and larger in the industry. Last fall it clinched its leadership by buying control of Lautaro Nitrate Co. Ltd., biggest producer of Chilean nitrate. Even before that, however, the Guggenheims had started their Oficina Maria Elena Plant working in 1926 with the epochal Guggenheim Process...
Mass Production. When the speculative gaze of the Guggenheim brothers was arrested by Chilean nitrate, that commodity was, and most of it still is, extracted from the earth by the antiquated, piddling Shanks process. The "caliche," or nitrate-bearing earth, is broken up with explosives, loaded into cars by hand. At the plant it is boiled in small tanks to leach out the nitrate, which is then run off as liquor and dried into commercial form. The Guggenheims were not en- thusiastic about the Shanks process. Undoubtedly they thought of Daniel Cowan Jackling and his mass production methods in copper...
...Guggenheim Process starts out with electric shovels, progresses through concrete tanks with 7,500-ton capacity to mechanical refrigeration and centrifugal driers. Like the Jackling copper process, it permits the use of much lower grade ores-as low as 8%, which is less than half the minimum required by the Shanks process. It cuts labor costs 75%, fuel costs 72%. It means that mass produc- tion has come to Chilean nitrate, that the Guggenheims are even more the masters of the show. For the new Chile Nitrate Co. into which the entire industry has been merged will use the Guggenheim...