Word: piding
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...make room for the leftists, the government of moderate Premier José Pinheiro de Azevedo has quietly released nearly all of the political prisoners who were rounded up after the abortive rightist coup of March 1975. Even some 200 former agents of Caetano's hated secret police, PIDE, have been released, as has former Interior Minister César Moreira Baptista, under whom they operated...
...screen out police spies, prospective members were rigorously investigated. PIDE, Salazar's secret police, was never able to infiltrate the topmost echelons of the party, but it did place agents in smaller cells and made frequent arrests. Suspected Communists were tortured to betray other comrades; few broke, but some did not survive. "They were barbarians," says Avante Editor Dias Lourenço, who was freed at the time of the revolution after 17 years in prison. Once, he recalls, he spent two nights "under the rubber whip while they tried to get me to talk. All I said...
...served as a fascist volunteer in the Spanish Civil War and an observer with the Nazi army, Spinola has taken some surprisingly progressive actions. He abolished the hated political police, known as the PIDE, a Portuguese acronym for International Police for Defense of the State. He has ended press censorship, established freedom of assembly and association, freed political prisoners, and promised free and open elections in a year...
Four of them were young Portuguese citizens, who fled what they called the "fascist regime" in their country. They asked that their names be withheld for fear that the elite Portuguese PIDE-- International Police in Defense of the State--would uncover them...
Appointed Premier in 1932, he set out to create an Estado Novo, a corporate state modeled on Mussolini's Italy. He forcibly imposed unity on the nation and created a secret police organization, PIDE, that harshly repressed dissent. He ran the economy with a stern, conservative hand, but his country remained the poorest in Western Europe. At the time of his retirement, Portugal's annual per-capita income was $454 (v. Spain's $663), and 40% of its 9,000,000 people were illiterate...