Word: panamanians
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Thomas Mann and Miguel J. Moreno Jr., Panamanian ambassador to the OAS, finally agreed to accept the committee's delicately worded formula for restoring relations. Next day, however, President Johnson abruptly rejected the agreement, leaving the U.S.-Panamanian impasse exactly where it was eleven weeks ago, after the bloody Canal Zone riots...
...sides seemed to be wearying of the six-week dispute. A new formula called for the two countries to resume diplomatic relations and then appoint negotiators with "full plenipotentiary powers" to discuss the 1903 treaty under which the U.S. operates the Panama Canal. The phraseology was intended to satisfy Panamanian demands for changes in the treaty, while not committing the U.S. in advance. By week's end Secretary of State Dean Rusk could only say: "There has not been an agreement...
Behind the scenes, the OAS tried hard to bring the two nations back to the conference table. The U.S. repeatedly assured Panama of its willingness to discuss all grievances once diplomatic relations were resumed. But the Panamanians, if anything, were becoming even more rigid in their demands for an advance U.S. commitment to renegotiate the 1903 canal treaty. The continuing deadlock had many Latin American diplomats worried. Warned an OAS ambassador: "The Panamanian economy is stagnating, the people are restive and unpredictable- and the government is keeping the blame...
...politics, as in everything Panamanian, some two dozen families have the last hurrah. Since 1903, all 37 Presidents have come from the elite ranks. Through intermarriage and partnerships, they control the banks and businesses, sugar mills and coffee fincas, newspapers and radio stations. They are the employers and landlords who count: less than 1% of the country's landowners hold half of the privately owned land, most of it the choice acreage. In the bitter slang of the streets, Panamanians call them rabiblancos, meaning whitetails...
Panama's richest men; he donates his $22,000-a-year presidential salary to the Panamanian Red Cross. His major source of wealth is the family's dairy farm and sugar plantations. Chiari's Blue Star dairy supplies most of Panama's milk, and the sugar plantations give him. a near monopoly on that commodity. (Price of sugar in Panama: 110 per lb., v. 60 in the Canal Zone.) Chiari's father was one of the leaders in Panama's fight for independence from Colombia, soon after built up a fortune in cattle...