Word: ova
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...These ova are artificially inseminated in the pedigreed cow. Then they are removed from the ovaries, through an incision in the flank, and transplanted, through the flank, to scrub foster mothers...
...insemination (natural or artificial), it has always taken a purebred cow to produce a purebred calf. Scrub cows would produce half-breeds of unpredictable value. At Purdue University in 1941, Ray Umbaugh got the idea of carrying artificial insemination a step further. He asked himself: Why not transplant ova from pedigreed cows to scrubs...
Other researchers had already transplanted the fecund rabbit's ova. But cows usually produce only one ovum at a time. Umbaugh perfected a process of "super-ovulation"-injecting the cows with a pituitary extract which causes them to produce an average of 23 ova...
Quantity. In experiments last year Umbaugh induced three foster pregnancies, but all aborted. He believes now that the fault was multiple pregnancy: he had injected 15 ova at once, and cows have difficulty in carrying even twins. In future, he intends to insert only one fertilized ovum into each foster...
Umbaugh's next project: transplanting the ova of mares. If that works, he may yet have a brewery horse foaling a Derby winner...