Word: nitroglycerin
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...molecular biology, represent a dramatic improvement over their predecessors. Take the plastic wafer, about the size of a quarter, that can carry powerful drugs to brain-cancer victims. Researchers have known for some time that disks formed of chemical structures called polymers work well for dispensing small molecules like nitroglycerin, a pain reliever commonly used for heart patients. But the polymers seemed stubbornly resistant to releasing larger molecules of substances like insulin and growth hormones in the slow, steady doses needed for diabetics and underdeveloped children...
Some doctors, after diagnosing ischemia, prescribe nitroglycerin, calcium blockers and other drugs that relax constricted arteries or slow the heart rate. Shell favors nitroglycerin patches applied to his patients' skin. "We don't have proof that this lowers the risk of heart attack," he says, "but anecdotally, I can tell you that my patients are doing better." Others have used bypass surgery (which allows blood to circumvent clogged arteries) or balloon angioplasty (to widen arterial passageways) against the silent attacks...
...still "the smell of meat and potatoes." That is because these factories pay the wages of 10,000 people in a state that suffers the highest unemployment rate in the nation (16%). Says Bob Harbert, 36, a cab driver in Nitro, W. Va. (named for a plant that produced nitroglycerin during World War I): "Jobs are scarce here. Nobody thinks about the dangers. If something's going to happen, it's going to happen...
...blow was worsened by the prospect that Bonner may not survive the hardships of banishment. She has already suffered several heart attacks. When she was visited by a close family friend early this year, her lips and fingernails had turned blue and she was taking several dozen nitroglycerin tablets...
...viselike chest pains that signal a decreased supply of blood to the heart; others had a history of one or more heart attacks but did not have recurrent chest pains. The 780 participants, all under age 65, were randomly treated either with bypass surgery or with drugs, such as nitroglycerin and diuretics, that ease pain and help relieve the strain on the heart. The result after six years: survival rates of about 90% in both groups. In addition, there was no difference between the groups in the frequency of heart attacks or in the ability to return to work...