Word: nitroglycerin
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...nonporous rock that prevents the flow of all but small quantities of gas into wells, making them uneconmical to drill and operate. Engineers have increased the flow of these wells by fracturing the surrounding rock-eit|er by forcing fluid under high pressure! into the well or by underground nitroglycerin explosions. But the resulting increased flow of gas through the fractures relatively short lived and in some leases is not worth the additional cost...
...other hand, should have produced such extensive shattering and cracking, according to AEC experts, that as much as 70% of the gas i in the surrounding rock should flow into the well over a 20-year period, cotnpared with only 10% that would be recovered by hydraulic fracturing or nitroglycerin blasting. Within a minute after the searing blast formed a 160-ft.-diameter cavity in the earth, they calculate, the roof of the cavity should Save begun to collapse (TIME, Nov. 3), eventually forming a chimney of fractured rock as tall as a 35-story building. In addition, cracks should...
...filled land has been stolen in a swindle. Back he comes, seeking revenge with four men foolhardy enough to join him in a scheme to restore his riches: a leathery gunfighter (Kirk Douglas); an outlaw Indian (Howard Keel); an alcoholic kid (Robert Walker) whose favorite mixture is whisky and nitroglycerin; and a wagon-driving double agent (Keenan Wynn) who moonlights for Wayne and sunlights for the other side...
After the customary palaver with friendly Indians and hostile white men, the avengers finally descend on the villains' "war wagon," an armor-plated, heavily guarded stage full of gold dust. With the help of the nitroglycerin and a band of Kiowas, the villains are killed, the wagon pillaged-and the loot lost when runaway horses spill barrels of it over the landscape. At film's end, Wayne salvages sacks worth $100,000 -enough, presumably, to keep him going until his next western...
Named the Valsalva maneuver, after the 17th century Italian anatomist who described it, the trick is the same used by air travelers and skin divers to clear their ears on descent. It also has much the same result as a dose of nitroglycerin or amyl nitrite. Both drugs are rapid dilators of the coronary arteries, and thus quickly increase blood flow within the oxygen-deprived heart muscle; the technique of blowing hard against resistance may work similarly, but, according to the Journal authors, the mechanism is not clear. The Valsalva maneuver should only be used in emergencies...