Word: litvinoff
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Maxim Litvinoff...
...alternate) in 1923. Then he was only 33. (This week he turned 59.) In 1930 he became Premier. Through the '20s and '30s, Molotov had a big hand in the forming of inner Soviet policy in all fields: foreign, domestic, Comintern. In May 1939, Molotov succeeded Maxim Litvinoff as Foreign Minister. Four months later he shocked the world with the Nazi-Soviet pact. Said Molotov: "One may accept or reject the ideology of Hitlerism . . . that is a matter of political views...
...demoted for that it seemed scarcely believable that he would be held accountable for the recent failures of Soviet policy in Europe. It was more likely that the U.S.S.R. was merely reverting to its normal practice of having mouthpieces rather than policymakers handle Soviet dealings with the outside world. Litvinoff was a mouthpiece, and so was his predecessor Chicherin. Vishinsky, for all his forensic talents, belongs in that category...
...Litvinoff-Roosevelt Agreement, under which the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. began diplomatic relations in 1933, the Russians promised to permit facilities for religious worship by members of the U.S. diplomatic mission. Last month the U.S. State Department called it the only stipulation among a half dozen that the Kremlin had fulfilled...
...counselor at the Soviet Embassy in Washington. These were dangerous times, and Molotov. decided finally to keep the old-line, ex-Menshevik diplomats (Maisky, Troyanovsky Sr., Surits et al.) from further advancement, push a younger and more reliable set to the fore. Thus, in 1943, succeeding Western-minded Maxim Litvinoff, Gromyko walked into the Oval Room of the White House and presented his ambassadorial credentials to Franklin Roosevelt. Gromyko was then 34, and looked as though he could not tell a demarche from a dinner party. He was definitely something new in the world of diplomacy...