Word: islam
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Dates: during 2000-2000
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...proposal leaked by the White House in the New York Times on Tuesday, Palestinians would get sovereignty over the holy outcropping. Muslims believe Haram al Sharif, as the site is known in Islam, is where Muhammad ascended to heaven...
...Calendar bickering aside, this has been a truly remarkable millennium. Think of what has occurred: the birth of Christ, conversion of Constantine, the fall of the Western Empire, the barbarian invasions, the rise of Islam, the coronation of Charlemagne, the creation of the Holy Roman Empire. We have seen the spread of new types of government, such as arbitrary lordship, and new ideas, such as religious intolerance, across Europe; will these trends continue into the future? The tenth century was called by Henricus Luce "The Ottonian Century" for the dominance of the Holy Roman Empire, but will the Empire maintain...
Ramadan's chosen task is to invent an independent European Islam: "We need to separate Islamic principles from their cultures of origin and anchor them in the cultural reality of Western Europe." With 15 million Muslims on the Continent, Ramadan believes it's time to abandon the dichotomy in Muslim thought that has defined Islam in opposition to the West. "I can incorporate everything that's not opposed to my religion into my identity," he says, "and that's a revolution...
That means making European mosques independent of foreign funding and influence. It also means rereading the founding texts and producing a body of Islamic thought in European languages. Ramadan's recent book, To Be a European Muslim, was written in English; editions in German, Italian and Dutch are all forthcoming. And Ramadan's message isn't intended for Muslims alone. "The real question is about spirituality," he says. "If the presence of Muslims leads Europeans to think about who they are and what they believe in, that has to be positive." Thanks partly to Ramadan, Islam...
...abducted from the primarily Christian south and enslaved in the primarily Muslim north. Bok said he was forced to convert to Islam, but still does not identify himself as Muslim...