Word: interleukin
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Dates: during 1990-1990
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Rosenberg's strategy, devised with the help of Anderson, is to extract immune cells called tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from the tumors of melanoma patients. Rosenberg bathes the TILs in a solution of interleukin-2, a natural substance that invigorates them, and then exposes the TILs to re- engineered mouse leukemia retroviruses...
Just three years ago, Interleukin-2 was hailed as a breakthrough treatment for kidney cancer. Cetus, the California biotechnology company that developed the drug, hoped it would become the firm's first real moneymaker. That hope was dashed last week when the Food and Drug Administration declined to give the drug approval for widespread use until more thorough research is conducted. While IL-2 shrinks tumors in some patients, researchers contend that the drug can also trigger cardiac arrest and other serious complications. Cetus last month suspended clinical trials of IL-2 as a treatment for high blood pressure when...
...Rosenberg technique, used in dozens of U.S. cancer centers, is to extract some of a patient's white blood cells and bathe them in interleukin-2, a hormone that stimulates them, turning them into lymphokine-activated killer, or LAK, cells. Injected back into the bloodstream along with repeated doses of interleukin-2, they attack any foreign cells (including malignant ones) with great vigor. The technique has caused tumors to shrink significantly in a number of advanced melanoma patients and has apparently even effected an occasional cure...