Word: geneticist
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...sometime in the next few weeks, a team led by molecular geneticist Svante Pääbo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, in Leipzig, Germany, will announce an even more stunning achievement: the sequencing of a significant fraction of the genome of Neanderthals--the human-like species we picture when we hear the word caveman--who are far closer to us genetically than chimps are. And though Neanderthals became extinct tens of thousands of years ago, Pääbo is convinced he's on the way to reconstructing the entire genome of that long-lost relative, using...
...typographical error. These changes stem from errors that occur during sexual reproduction, as DNA is copied and recombined. Sometimes long strings of letters are duplicated, creating multiple copies in the offspring. Sometimes they're deleted altogether or even picked up, turned around and reinserted backward. A group led by geneticist Stephen Scherer of the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto has identified 1,576 apparent inversions between the chimp and human genomes; more than half occurred sometime during human evolution...
...evidence that it belonged to a separate species?such as a nearly absent chin?can be found in modern Flores pygmies. The fact that pygmies can still be found living just down the road from the original excavation site helped clinch the argument for Robert Eckhardt, a developmental geneticist at Pennsylvania State University and a PNAS paper co-author. "If you look throughout the area, there are plenty of populations where the average male is under a meter and a half and females are shorter," he says. "If the people there are short now, so were the people who lived...
...seen among modern Flores pygmies. It's that last part - the fact that a population of pygmies can still be found living just a stone's throw away from the Liang Bua cave where the original bones were found - that helped clinch the argument for Robert Eckhardt, a developmental geneticist at Penn State and another author of the PNAS paper. "If you look throughout the area, there are plenty of populations where the average male is under a meter and a half [4'11''] and females are shorter," he says. "If the people there are short now, so were...
Scientists who specialize in nutritional genomics have only begun to decipher the relationship between DNA sequences, diets and ailments like diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Their hope is that someday your own nutritional geneticist will be able to scan your DNA and tell you exactly how to plan your diet given the genes you've been bequeathed...