Word: foundered
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...were all available." The man they were seeking would be "the boss" in every sense of the word: in programing, choice of soloists and guest conductors. The Boston's trustees could promise this because they still follow the enviable first principles laid down by the orchestra's founder, Major Henry Lee Higginson: relationship of orchestra to conductor-absolute obedience; relationship of conductor to Higginson-absolute freedom. They also needed a man who could bear the burden of conducting at least 90 concerts...
...orchestra to which Charles Munch has fallen heir was not the U.S.'s oldest. It was founded in 1881, 39 years after the New York Philharmonic. But it was the second oldest symphonic organization, and Conductor Munch was a descendant of a distinguished line of "permanent" conductors. Founder Higginson believed that "the essential condition for a great orchestra is stability." Over 68 years, only nine men had shaped and polished the Boston Symphony until it was-except for Arturo Toscanini's virtuoso radio orchestra, the NBC Symphony, which is in a class by itself...
...Some Roughness Here." Each conductor, beginning with German Georg Henschel in 1881, had added something to the Boston's sheen. From 1884 to 1889 and from 1898 to 1906, the Vienna Opera's bearded Wilhelm Gericke, as Founder Higginson wrote, "gave to the orchestra its excellent habits and ideals." It was he, said Higginson, who "taught those violins to sing as violins sing in Vienna alone." Europe's greatest conductor, fiery Hungarian Artur Nikisch (1889-93) taught it how to "poetize," and perhaps he taught too well; at a rehearsal in 1904 Guest Conductor Richard Strauss growled...
...Wise Founder Higginson had taken other steps to insure stability. In 1903, he set up a musicians' pension plan, the first in any U.S. orchestra. That is one reason why Boston Symphony musicians stay around and learn how to play together. Eleven men have been in the orchestra 30 years or more, another 40 men more .than 20 years...
...Watt is Founder...