Word: extraction
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...data until they were of high quality, the administrators announced that they would offer up a "working draft" of only moderate precision by 2001. Says Mark Guyer, an assistant director with the NIH's National Human Genome Research Institute: "These data are so rich, it's hard not to extract value from them." But, he admits, "it would not have happened had it not been for the Celera announcement...
Feeling a little depressed? You could get a prescription for Prozac or try psychotherapy. But 7.5 million Americans in the past year have instead gulped down an extract made from a bright yellow flower called St. John's wort--available without a prescription at the health-food store in the mall or at the local Wal-Mart. Fear the onset of cold and flu season? You could get a flu shot. Or, like 7.3 million Americans, you could swallow a capsule made from echinacea, a purple-petaled daisy native to the Midwest. Worried that your memory is fading? Then write...
...which herbs have proved safe and beneficial but warns against side effects and other risks. It advises pregnant and nursing women not to take kava, for example, and notes that some people may become sensitive to sunlight when using St. John's wort. It approves standardized doses of ginkgo extract but rejects nonstandard preparations made from whole leaves as untested and potentially hazardous. At the same time, it turns thumbs down on folk remedies like nutmeg for upset stomachs, noting scant evidence that it works and warning that large doses can cause hallucinations...
...Chinese herbalist, who wrote each patient an individualized prescription based on his or her complaints. Each prescription was then filled at a different location, where patients were randomly given pills that contained either a placebo of flavored compounds that tasted like herbs but had no medicinal effects, a standardized extract of 20 herbs designed to support bowel function in general, or the individually prescribed herbs. After 16 weeks of treatment, the two groups that received herbal medicines had fewer symptoms and less pain than the placebo group. But 14 weeks later, only the group that received tailor-made herbal remedies...
...from companies that research their products. For example, most studies of ginkgo biloba, which appears to delay the progression of early Alzheimer's disease in some patients, have been conducted on an extract produced by Schwabe of Germany and distributed in the U.S. by Nature's Way (Ginkgold) and Warner-Lambert (the Quanterra line). The best-studied version of St. John's wort, which seems to work for mild to moderate depression, is Kira, produced by Lichtwer...