Word: epo
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Dates: during 2000-2000
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...EPO, OR ERYTHROPOIETIN EPO regulates red-cell production, and these cells deliver oxygen throughout the body. Developed to alleviate anemia in patients with kidney disease, synthetic EPO is a diet staple for many long-distance runners, swimmers and cyclists. The oxygen boost it provides can improve an athlete's performance in a 20-min. run by 30 sec.; in a marathon, by as much...
Synthetic EPO is dangerous: an overdose could make the blood too thick for the heart to pump. The drug's introduction in 1987 was followed by a series of mysterious heart attacks among Dutch cyclists. EPO is believed to have been the cause of no fewer than 25 deaths among Olympic-caliber cyclists in the past 23 years...
Epidemiologist Charles Yesalis of Penn State, an expert on performance enhancers, says new I.O.C. testing for EPO is "fluff," that it won't detect athletes who quit taking the drug a week or so before the Games...
...modified bovine hemoglobin suspended in a salt solution. Now in clinical trials in the U.S. it was fast-tracked for approval in South Africa and found its way to the black market. Canadian track coach Dan Pfaff recently told the Toronto Sun that he believes many athletes formerly on EPO have switched to undetectable Hemopure...
...Some sports analysts are speculating that the banned athletes may have tested positive for EPO earlier this year, and that China was hoping the substances would work their way through their bodies before the games started...