Word: electronics
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...research is made possible through the development of an "electron bombardment" furnace, in which metals have been heated, without contamination up to temperatures of bout 1500 degrees Fahrenheit, or nearly half that of the sun. Much higher temperatures could be easily reached by this apparatus, the Harvard scientists...
...most important feature of the new furnace is that contamination of the metal under study, by carbon or other impurities, can be entirely eliminated. The familiar carbon are reaches as high temperatures as the electron furnace; but as an experimental device the carbon arc is less effective because of uncontrollable carbon contamination...
...Electron bombardment has been utilized by scientists for intense heats before now, but the new Harvard furnace is the first application of this method to metallurgy...
...working parts of the Harvard electron furnace are a small cylindrical metal cup, or crucible about one half inch in diameter and height; and two filament wires on opposite sides of the crucible...
Then it occurred to him that perhaps the electrons emitted on earth by cathode ray tubes and radioactive substances might be variable in mass, too. If this tremendous hunch were true, some bothersome discrepancies in the behavior of beta rays (fast electrons) shooting out of radium would be cleared up. Also it would make the concept of the neutrino unnecessary. The neutrino is a hypothetical particle imagined by physicists as a carrier of energy which mysteriously disappears when one element is transmuted into another. If it is assumed that the vanished energy has taken the form of greater mass...