Word: carbone
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...buttress their case, exobiologists have exposed microorganisms to simulated Martian environments (carbon dioxide, extreme cold, small amounts of water) in so-called "Mars jars." Some of the bugs readily adapted to the Martian conditions. For this reason, Western scientists were all the more concerned last week that the Russian lander might, if not completely sterilized, introduce earthly life forms to Mars...
...earth. It did, for example, evolve during untold eons on earth when there was no oxygen in the atmosphere. To those primitive forms of life, in fact, oxygen would have been a poisonous gas. Thus instead of requiring oxygen, Martian organisms, like some terrestrial bacteria, might thrive in a carbon dioxide environment. To obtain water if they need it, Martian organisms may have evolved mechanisms to unlock the supply chemically bound into the rocks
...leading some scientists to theorize that the region was scoured clean by glaciers as the polar cap grew during Martian winters and then receded again. If glaciers were indeed responsible, their presence would indicate that there is more water in the polar cap (which is composed largely of frozen carbon dioxide, or dry ice) than anyone had supposed. Mariner has also discovered four craters that the U.S. Geological Survey's Harold Masursky and others believe are extinct volcanoes, one of them relatively young. Exobiologists are excited by the finding because they think that most of the amino-acid-building gases...
Since that discovery, about two dozen molecules, including carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, ethyl alcohol and water, have been identified in distant space...
...Martian crust, including quartz, granite and anorthocite. Those findings caused considerable excitement among the scientists. They indicated that Mars had at one point in its history undergone melting and that lighter elements had floated to the surface, later hardening into an earthlike crust. Included among the lighter elements are carbon compounds that were necessary for the development of life on earth. Said NASA Exobiologist Jerry Soffen, who is project scientist for the Viking program that will make a purposeful attempt to find life on Mars in 1976: "There can't be biological evolution if there is not geological differentiation...