Word: arabia
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Dates: during 1880-1889
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...time of Mohammed, Semitic thought, as an active motive power in literature had almost disappeared from the world. There existed, however, among the roving tribes of Arabia, a lyric poetry of great excellence. War, love and hunting furnished the theme but there was no study of nature for its own sake. Sconery was introduced only as an appendage to human action. The elegance of diction and the happy flow of language showed the work of many generations of poets. There was, however, no unity of conception, and the poems were merely a string of aneedotes without beginning...
...northern part of Arabia is occupied by vast sandy deserts, which are inhabited by the roving Bedouin tribes. The Bedouins love the wild, untrammelled freedom of desert life, and despise the dwellers in the cities. Hence it is not surprising that only two cities, Mecca and Medina, exist within their borders. The three characteristics of the Arab race are, tribal isolation, love of poetry, and utter lack of religion. Union of the scattered tribes was impossible, and the people remained dormant for centuries, on account of the lack of combined effort. War was the business life and poetry the only...
With the citizens of Mecca the case was different. The city had grown rich by trade, being situated on the caravan route to the highly civilized states of southern Arabia. At Mecca was situated the Caaba, the central temple of the Arabs. The pilgrims wished to find their tribal gods in the temple, and thus a polytheism became the religion of the city, although many of the citizens, who had studied the sacred books of the Jews, were inclinto monotheism. Any attack on the idols endangered the commercial prosperity of the city, as the pilgrims afforded the chief source...
...four lectures to be given by Professor Toy, on "Moslem Civilization" during the month of November should attract more than a passing ieterest. These lectures take place Tuesday evenings, and the deep learning of Professor Toy, combined with his extensive travels in Asia Minor and Arabia, make him especially fitted to give his hearers a true insight into the history of his subject...
...Industrial arts. Babylonia and Assyria in their foreign relations. Early relations between Egypt and Babylonia; did any exist before the xviii dynasty? The Mt. Siani peninsula and the quarry-marks on the Tel-Loh sculptures. Relations with Elam; - with Syria and the Hittites; - with Phoenicia and Cyprus; - with North Arabia; - with Persia The reciprocal influence of Babylonian and Assyrian art and the artistic development of the peoples of these countries. The influence of Babylonian and Assyrian art on Hellenic art through Phoenicia and Asia Minor, and on early Italic art through the Phoenicians...