Word: albumin
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Dates: during 1964-1964
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...only water and waste chemicals get through; they must hold all red cells, white cells and platelets in the channels that lead back to the bloodstream. At the same time, with micrometer precision, they must also hold back big molecules, such as those of albumin, but must let pass the smaller molecules of the body's waste products. If blood appears in the urine, it is a sign that the kidneys are diseased or injured. If the urine is too weak or watery, it means that the kidneys are not filtering out enough wastes...
...Albumin in the Plasma. But for all the debunking dissections, the camel's thirst-quenching secret remained hidden. Then, a young Israeli veterinarian went to work on the ship of the desert. The answer, says Dr. Kalman Perk, 34, of Rehovot's Hebrew University, is in the camel's bloodstream. The plasma has an extraordinary high content of a kind of albumin, which enables the blood to retain its water and maintain its volume and fluidity even when the water in the camel's tissues has been markedly depleted...
Injected Rabbits. Dr. Perk has found that other animals that are native to hot, dry environments, such as Syrian Damascene cattle, share the camel's secret of survival and have higher albumin levels than other breeds. He has carried out successful experiments on rabbits in an effort to give them the camel's water-retaining capacity. Rabbits injected with camel albumin were kept for seven days without water in 104°F. heat, and lost only 3% or less of their body water; control rabbits not given the injections lost from 5% to 10% and were close...
...Perk plans to begin experimenting on human volunteers next summer. Meanwhile, there is evidence that some humans may already have some of the camel's thirst-conquering equipment. A Tel Aviv researcher has collected data showing that Yemenite Jews, traditional desert dwellers, have a significantly higher blood-albumin level than Jews of European lineage...
...Hour Flush. Working with the radiopharmaceutical division of E. R. Squibb & Sons, Dr. Taplin found what he wanted: human albumin, but in a special form made up of large molecules too big to pass through the lungs' blood filters, and laced with radioactive iodine. Dr. Taplin proved in dogs that these macro-molecules would jam up in the clot-closed arteries, stay there long enough to take their own picture on an X-ray plate, then break up into the normal, small-molecule form of albumin and pass into the bloodstream...