Word: abroad
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Gorky, 261 miles east of Moscow. There both became increasingly incapacitated by heart disease. Word reached Moscow's dissident community that Bonner's lips and fingernails had turned blue and that Sakharov could hardly take a few steps without being winded. When the Soviets denied Bonner permission to go abroad for an open-heart operation, her husband went on a hunger strike. The authorities relented, but the ailing Sakharov remained under house arrest until 1986, when Mikhail Gorbachev summoned him back to Moscow. Sakharov's first words as a free man were a demand for the liberation of all remaining...
...future were plodding by comparison. After World War II, he studied Russian literature at Moscow State University. During the early '50s he held a research job at the Gorky Institute of World Literature. But then, in 1956, the scholar-critic secretly wrote his fanciful Tertz stories, which were published abroad in 1959. It took five more years before the authorities discovered Tertz's real identity, arrested Sinyavsky and made him the first Soviet writer imprisoned for expressing opinions through fictional characters...
From the moment Sakharov returned from Gorky, he was often at odds with the man who gave him his freedom, whether pressing at home for the immediate release of all political prisoners or warning audiences abroad that Gorbachev was amassing too much power. He clashed with the Soviet leader on the opening day of the Congress last May, saying he would support him as President only after an open debate, and was dismissed from the podium on the final day when he tried to outline his own political program...
...time when his popularity has climbed to new heights abroad, Gorbachev must fend off growing attacks at home from two fronts: what he calls the "adventurists" and the "reactionaries." Last week the Soviet leader took on the adventurist radicals, criticizing them for racing "like firemen, with clanging bells" to abolish the constitutional guarantee of Communist Party rule. The Congress decided not to take up the contentious question of Article 6, voting 1,138 to 839, with 56 abstentions. But the margin of victory was not so comfortable that the Kremlin could indefinitely ignore the East European-like rush to multiparty...
...system from a terminal illness. He has been bold and courageous in pursuing that goal. We should help him -- but only if his reforms go far enough to have a chance to succeed and if, as a result, the Soviet Union becomes less repressive at home and less aggressive abroad...