Word: 1920s
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Brandt's next project will be a book on the history of cigarette smoking, asking why people smoke and how it got to be popular, considering the issue in terms of class and gender. For instance, he says, in the 1920s, smoking was a feminist issue--Radcliffe women rioted because they weren't allowed to smoke and Harvard men were...
While some of the properties of viruses were becoming evident in the 1920s, no one had yet seen one; on the average, scientists now know, viruses are ten to 100 times as small as the typical bacterium, and in fact far smaller than the wavelength of visible light. That makes them too diminutive to be seen with the most powerful optical microscopes. But in 1931 the invention of the electron microscope -- for which German Physicist Ernst Ruska finally won the Nobel Prize this year -- broke the light barrier. The new instrument -- along with a technique called X-ray crystallography...
Antarctica is not the only spot where ozone levels are low, says Donald Heath, a NASA scientist. Tests over Arosa, Switzerland, since the 1920s have shown an average ozone loss of 3%, mostly in the past ten years. And Heath believes he has found another hole. Centered over Spitsbergen, Norway, 700 miles from the North Pole, it is one-third the size of the Antarctic hole. Heath claims the region's ozone loss has been 1.5% a year for the past six years and says this location fits models of CFC-caused loss...
...late 1920s, only three decades after physicists had learned that atoms are built of subatomic particles, when Ernst Ruska first thought to use one such particle -- the electron -- to discern objects too small to see with conventional light microscopes. By 1931 he had built the first working electron microscope. Ruska, now retired from the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society in West Berlin, has at long last won the Nobel Prize for his invention, which was cited by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences as "one of the most important of the century." Said Ruska, 79, who learned...
...Communists in the A.N.C. We are nobody's puppets. When we talk about the A.N.C., we are talking about a body that is not the Communist Party but which has always had C.P. members since the 1920s. They have always behaved as 100% A.N.C. men. The A.N.C. is a national movement. We all -- Communists and non- Communists alike -- want a nonracial, democratic, united South Africa. We are too clear about where we are heading to be diverted from our goals...