Word: nazarbayev
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev visited Washington last week and came away with a windfall of $311 million -- three times the amount of last year's aid total. In return, Kazakhstan will dismantle 104 long-range SS-18 missiles, each tipped with 10 nuclear warheads...
...Security Council demanded that Armenia withdraw from Kelbajar and reaffirmed the sovereignty of the besieged Azeri state. As heavy fighting continued over the weekend, Armenia welcomed an offer by Russian President Boris Yeltsin to mediate an end to the war -- something he and Kazakhstan's leader, Nursultan Nazarbayev, attempted unsuccessfully...
Despite the slow unraveling of the C.I.S., there was welcome news last week on the post-Soviet issue that matters most to the West: nuclear weapons. After a minisummit in Washington, President Nursultan Nazarbayev announced that Kazakhstan would adhere to the START treaty, which slashes long-range arsenals. In a country where isolated ethnic conflicts are turning into regional confrontations, nuclear proliferation is the greatest threat...
...conflict in some of the republics may be resolved only when stable, popularly supported governments take shape. So far, the political scorecard is mixed. Kyrgyzstan's Akayev and Kazakhstan's Nazarbayev have won praise in the West for their eagerness to open up to the outside world. They have tried to forge a policy of "public consensus" in their ethnically diverse states, presiding over what can best be described as "nonparty" systems made up of shifting groups of democrats, nationalists, environmentalists and Old Guard communists. Akayev says his major aim is to create "a strong and powerful middle class that...
...newly independent states have been wary of making geopolitical commitments. Askar Akayev, President of Kyrgyzstan, wants his country to be "politically like Switzerland, but in the heart of Asia." Foreign Minister Abdu Kuliyev believes Turkmenistan should be "neither Islamic nor Soviet but a secular, democratic state." President Nursultan * Nazarbayev thinks Kazakhstan, which stretches from the Volga region of Russia to the western borders of China, should be a bridge between Europe and Asia. Says he: "We want to enter the democratic world like any other state...