Word: najibullah
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...total collapse of the Soviet Union might create almost as many global problems as it solved. Regional despotisms like Fidel Castro's Cuba or Najibullah's Afghanistan would probably wither quickly, as might many Third World Communist insurgencies. The U.S. economy would benefit handsomely from vastly reduced defense expenditures. But the blessings of a Soviet collapse would certainly be mixed. Just as the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire after World War I led to Hitler's brutal exploitation of the resulting power vacuum, so the end of the Pax Sovietica in Eurasia might touch off an ethnic bloodbath among...
...flare-up of factional feuding was of particular concern to Pakistan and the U.S., which have long feared that internal disputes might divert the rebels from fighting the Najibullah government. Washington urged the mujahedin to forgo further infighting in favor of the "vital work of improving unity and coordination" at a time when the Kabul regime is increasingly assertive on the military and political fronts -- and the guerrillas' drive has faltered. Whatever the fallout, the prospect for future unity is bleak. U.S. analysts fear that once Najibullah is ousted, mujahedin factions will turn on one another in the effort...
...from the U.S., Pakistan has been the main arms distributor to the Afghan mujahedin rebels ever since Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan in 1979. The Soviets withdrew their forces early this year, but contrary to predictions, the mujahedin have not been able to topple the Soviet-supported regime of President Najibullah in Kabul...
...Washington, Bhutto urged the U.S. Congress to take up "the challenge of achieving a broad-based political settlement to the war." The U.S. has opposed negotiation, on the premise that the Najibullah regime will inevitably fall, but Bush told Bhutto that he would "encourage" a political settlement...
...addition to mutual distrust, Bhutto has valid reasons to sideline the intelligence chief. An ISI-orchestrated attack by Afghan rebels on Jalalabad, has degenerated into a protracted struggle and a propaganda victory for Najibullah. Bhutto was particularly enraged by what appeared to be ISI disinformation blaming her for the mess. Gul has also defied Bhutto by openly siding with the fundamentalists among the mujahedin. Bhutto has called the ISI's emphasis on a mujahedin military victory a "fundamental mistake." Gul's exit opens the way for a more flexible approach to helping resolve the Afghan...