Word: mukhabarat
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Iraq's overall concealment efforts are highly organized and involve thousands of people, according to Charles Duelfer, the American who is deputy chief weapons inspector of the Special Commission. He says they are operated by the national intelligence service, Mukhabarat; the Amn al-Khass, a security unit dedicated to hiding information; and the Special Republican Guards, troops responsible for the security of Saddam, his offices and palaces. Iraq routinely bars the U.N. from what it calls "presidential-residential" buildings, saying they are out of bounds. When Iraqi officials talk up the need for the inspectors to respect "the sovereignty...
...officials say the agency offered no such guarantee. But in any case, as the Americans raced their Landcruiser toward the Turkish border and Iraqi troops began flooding the streets of Erbil, senior I.N.C. military officer Colonel Mukkadam Abu Khadim and his men were busy trying to stay alive. "The Mukhabarat [Iraq's secret police] had names and addresses," says Abu Khadim. "Those who didn't get away were seized." Of the 100 employees who worked for the rebel TV station, only 12 survived. Between 97 and 100 I.N.C. members were also killed on the spot; Abu Khadim says he interviewed...
Most of the Jews left in Syria live in Damascus and about 500 others live in Aleppo and Kamishli. The community confined to the Syrian capital resides in a ghetto, called Harate Al-Yehud ("the Jewish Quarter"), and is subject to 24-hour-a-day surveillance by the Mukhabarat, the Syrian secret police...
...Mukhabarat keeps individual files on all Syrian Jews. It taps Jews' phones, reads their mail, monitors their contracts with foreigners, restricts the sale of their property and prohibits the teaching and speaking of the Hebrew language...
There is little good news in Baghdad nowadays, but perhaps one bit is that people are beginning to voice criticism of their government in defiance of the dreaded mukhabarat, or secret police. The most common complaint has been the misery caused by the war. But this can be only the beginning. When the defeated troops return home with their stories of what really happened on the battlefield, Saddam's claims of a glorious victory will be further undermined. "There will be a lot of opposition to Saddam inside Iraq," observes Jamal Sha'ir, a former Jordanian Cabinet minister. "People will...