Word: mauritania
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Independent Now." Next day De Gaulle arrived. Pausing en route in desert Mauritania-poorest of the Community's twelve states-he had answered his hosts' independence talk by saying: "You are independent now. The Community is going to change and develop, but we shall make the changes together...
...Gaulle's constitution. The French territories that voted yes are one by one declaring themselves republics, inside the French community. Following Madagascar, which made its choice in October, the French Sudan and Senegal led last week's parade. Next came a proclamation of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, in the land of the great Berber warriors who established the medieval Almoravide empire and built the fabled city of Marrakesh. Then to the east there followed tropical Gabon, the mineral-rich Republic of Congo, and big (496,000 sq. mi.), semi-arid Chad. Though France had expected its territories...
...thundering cries of nationalism that rocked North Africa have failed to disrupt the lands to the south and west. Even Mauritania's powerful Emir of Trar-za, absolute ruler of 50,000 warriors, who stunned Paris by swearing allegiance to the King of Morocco last April, has declared: "No one can say that France has exploited Mauritania. On the contrary, it has been for her a burden." Most of French West Africa's present leaders want France to carry the burden for a long time to come-and France willingly does so in the firm belief that, with...
Peanuts & Problems. Unfortunately, only Houphouet-Boigny's Ivory Coast and Touré's Guinea have inspired much confidence so far. Though Senegal was the first territory to be colonized, its economy still depends mostly on peanuts-a crop that gradually exhausts the soil. Mauritania, which has only four towns of 3,000 people or more, is a vast desert whose rich deposits of iron and copper ore are still to be exploited. The Upper Volta has as many livestock as people, and its workers must migrate from the territory each year to find jobs. Niger, the largest territory...
...whole area has only one university-the University of Dakar in Senegal, which has fewer than 1,000 students. But the African leaders are opening new schools every day, preparing for a future that seems destined to follow a pattern of its own. Except among a few Berbers in Mauritania, Nasserism has no appeal; and though it is fashionable in Abidjan for ladies to have a picture of Nkrumah's face woven into their dresses, the example of independent Ghana arouses far less excitement than it does in British Africa...