Word: leishmania
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...movie Jurassic Park) and also in fossilized dinosaur poop. Among other things in their lode, they've found ticks, nematodes, biting flies and all sorts of other nasties, including intestinal parasites, dating back to the Cretaceous period. From some of the insects, the Poinars have extracted microbes that cause leishmania and malaria - evidently new pathogens back then, against which dinosaurs wouldn't have had much resistance...
...million Amount donated by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop a vaccine for leishmania, a parasitic disease spread by sand flies...
...million Number of new cases of leishmania diagnosed each year...
...where it earned its name--Hindi for "black sickness." In 1900 a British physician, Dr. William Boog Leishman, developed a stain to detect the parasite with a microscope, and Dr. Charles Donovan demonstrated that specimens could be extracted from the spleen. In their honor, the deadly parasite is called Leishmania donovani. Variants of kala-azar are found in southern Europe and South America. A complex treatment involving daily injections of a potentially toxic, antimony-based compound (as in the drug Pentostam) has been available for a half-century...
...Senter and two colleagues in the current American Journal of Medicine, Noles was found to have kala-azar, a disease unknown in the U.S. until just before the war. Some symptoms of kala-azar are like those of malaria, but the invading parasite is different: a protozoon named Leishmania donovani. Once diagnosed, the disease is easily treated with daily injections of ethylstibamine, an,antimony compound. Noles went home after six weeks, pronounced cured...