Word: geneticist
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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J.B.S. Haldane, Britain's leading geneticist and a staunch Communist, has been beset for some time now by a problem of basic loyalties. Should he follow the Moscow-approved genetics line of Trofim Denisovich Lysenko (briefly, that environment controls the heredity of organisms)? Or should he follow the Morgan-Mendelian theory (that the genes in the reproductive cells control heredity), generally accepted outside the U.S.S.R., but formally denounced by Soviet officialdom as unscientific and un-Marxist...
Baumann, now 32, is not a scientific geneticist, and he does not quite know how he developed his wingless breed. It was part luck and part persistence, he thinks. At first only a few of the chicks he hatched in his small incubator turned out wingless. Year by year, the proportion rose. Today, 95% of his chicks are wingless...
Nobel Prizeman Hermann J. Muller, a geneticist who has been experimenting with fruit flies, told the U.S. Conference of Mayors that the sins of the fathers may be visited upon the children, unto the nth generation, by radiation-induced changes in the reproductive cells (TIME, Sept. 22, 1947). Also, said he, atomic substances, scattered by planes or rockets, might make vast regions of the earth "hopelessly denied...
Last week, in his first official statement, he released a blast at Chemist Spitzer. Spitzer, he said, had recently written a letter to the Chemical and Engineering News protesting the magazine's panning of Soviet Geneticist Trofim Lysenko. Spitzer argued that Lysenko's experiments in genetics, on which Moscow now bases its biological party line (TIME, Sept. 6), and which most of the world's geneticists consider unscientific, had not had a fair examination in the U.S. Then he went on to defend Soviet policy on science and culture in general...
...Vavilov, president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, explained: "A Soviet scientist considers any successful work as impossible, in any field of knowledge, without a thorough mastery of the laws of dialectical materialism." Professor Vavilov is something of an authority on such matters. His brother Nikolai, a famous Russian geneticist and an opponent of Lysenko, disappeared mysteriously about 1942 and is believed to have died in a concentration camp...