Word: dyslexia
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...from being sadistic punishment, the application of force and shouted commands is the Reading Research Foundation's way of helping children with normal intelligence who simply cannot learn to read adequately. Most of those who attend the weekly after-school clinics at the foundation are victims of dyslexia (TIME, May 13, 1966), a catchall term describing children who suffer from slight brain damage or inherited neurological handicaps that interfere with their control over both motor and sensory functions. Some are hyperactive-any kind of stimulation distracts them, makes them restless. Others withdraw into a shell, have trouble expressing themselves...
...good to have you describe dyslexia accurately as both prevalent and remediable [May 13]. The existence of this condition in many intellectually normal Johnnies has been known since Neuropsychiatrist Samuel Orton's studies of Iowa school children, beginning in 1925. The founding of the Orton Society in 1949 anticipated by 17 years the newly formed committee. The society, too, has a nationwide, international membership of physicians, psychologists and educators. Dyslexia is recognized abroad, with intensive research and teaching programs in both Americas, many European centers, Australia and New Zealand...
...Dyslexia is often a contributing cause of people's need to seek welfare aid. In a program for education of adult, unemployed heads of household, we have found that about 31% of the enrollees have dyslexia. By adapting teaching methods and materials developed for individual tutoring, we have been able to teach these people, in a group, to learn to read and write, which is obviously essential for participation in the "basics" education classes...
...University's Reading Institute and the Orton Reading Center in Winston-Salem, N.C. Tutorial instruction at Columbia Teachers College clearly shows, says the college's Mrs. Marvin Sleisenger, that such children can learn if "we teach in slow motion." But Frances McGlannan, whose own son's dyslexia led her to found the Language Arts Center in Miami to help such children, puts through 70 students at a time under 18 teachers, takes about a year to enable second-graders to rejoin their public-school classmates at the proper reading level. Older children take longer to catch...
...Symptoms. While precise definitions of dyslexia vary, most experts agree that it appears to be inherited in many cases, but may also be the result of early brain injury, and that it leads to reading difficulties in children who otherwise show normal intelligence in mental tests. Dyslexics display a whole syndrome of symptoms (some of which are no cause for concern in preschool-age children, but may indicate dyslexia if they persist beyond this age). Usually they confuse spatial relationships. Horizontally, this leads, for example, to spelling first as frist, very as vrey. Vertically, it may cause mixups between...