Word: congress
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...abroad, Gorbachev must fend off growing attacks at home from two fronts: what he calls the "adventurists" and the "reactionaries." Last week the Soviet leader took on the adventurist radicals, criticizing them for racing "like firemen, with clanging bells" to abolish the constitutional guarantee of Communist Party rule. The Congress decided not to take up the contentious question of Article 6, voting 1,138 to 839, with 56 abstentions. But the margin of victory was not so comfortable that the Kremlin could indefinitely ignore the East European-like rush to multiparty politics. Boris Yeltsin, the ex-Politburo member turned radical...
Party conservatives who long masqueraded as yea-sayers to Gorbachev have begun to regroup. Leningrad party boss Boris Gidaspov was roundly criticized from the floor of the Congress last week for making "threats against our leader" and "sounding nostalgic notes" for the past. Surprised by the attack, Gidaspov claimed that everything going on in Leningrad was aimed at "speeding up perestroika." Gorbachev watched the whole spectacle impassively from the tribunal...
...Congress, industry and consumer groups agree that something needs to be done to resuscitate the ailing agency. Young is a victim of the urge for change: last month Health and Human Services Secretary Louis Sullivan said he was transferring Young to a new post -- Deputy Assistant Secretary of Health for Health Science and Environment -- effective this week. The position was created especially for Young, and is widely regarded as a demotion...
...shortfall is worsening. Among other things, Congress reacted to the Reagan cutbacks by passing 23 public health bills during the '80s, many of them efforts to shore up the FDA's powers. The action significantly expanded the FDA's workload. Yet Congress never moved to restore a single lost staff position or add employees to meet the increased responsibilities. The advent of an entirely new industry, biotechnology, demanded an FDA response to more than 950 genetically engineered products during the 1980s...
Popular pressures have also played a role. As AIDS has spread, protesters have charged that the agency has been keeping lifesaving drugs out of the hands of victims. In fact, the FDA spent $5 million more than the $46 million Congress provided to seek a cure for the disease. With health-conscious Americans including less red meat in their diets, the FDA's thin line of inspectors has been forced to monitor increasing amounts of seafood, imported fruits and vegetables, and chicken and eggs. A number of spectacular food- tampering cases, like last March's poisoned Chilean grape case (only...