Word: africanists
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...most notable absentees were Inkatha, a relatively conservative Zulu organization opposed to the ANC's militant tactics, and so-called Africanist groups, which oppose the ANC's philosophy of non-racism...
Other, more radical activists of the Pan-Africanist Congress, which is also banned, reject talks altogether. Jafta Masemola, a P.A.C. leader released with Sisulu, said, "We cannot negotiate with the usurpers of our land." While most black leaders agree that De Klerk has set off in a new direction, they remain skeptical because of the destination he has in mind. De Klerk's policy, fully endorsed by the ruling National Party, is one of constitutionally guaranteed "group rights" defined by race, including the right of whites to veto legislation they might consider threatening, to live in whites-only neighborhoods...
...word about the status of the three other prisoners named by de Klerk--80-year-year ANC activist Oscar Mpetha, who has been hospitalized in Cape Town; Raymond Mhlaba, a co-defendent of Sisulu and Mandela who lives in Port Elizabeth; and Jafta Masemola, a member of the Pan Africanist guerrilla movement who lives outside Pretoria...
...least since the days of SDS in the late '60s, students have demanded divestiture--most forcefully when some Pan-Africanist students took over Massachusetts Hall in 1972. By now everyone should recognize that the Corporation is intransigent--so intransigent that Derek Bok merely reprinted his statements of 1978 in the Gazette in the spring of 1983. If students are serious about divestiture, they are going to have to exert power by boycotting the ACSR, by supporting the Endowment for Divestiture, by holding protests at alumni fund drives on campus, by gaining alumni endorsements, by boycotting classes, by picketing administration buildings...
...strikes and boycotts by black workers. It also organized demonstrations against discriminatory laws, particularly the requirement that blacks carry passes. During one such protest at Sharpeville near Johannesburg in 1960, police opened fire on the demonstrators, killing 69 and wounding more than 100. The A.N.C. and the rival Pan Africanist Congress (P.A.C.), which organized the protest, were banned and went underground. The A.N.C.'s militant wing, known as Umkhonto We Sizwe (Zulu for Spear of the Nation) began to undertake increasingly bold acts of sabotage...