Word: wyckoff
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...Massachusetts alone 200 horses died, victims of equine encephalomyelitis. Entirely different are the eastern and western varieties of this disease, although both are caused by viruses which attack the brain and spinal cord, produce inflammation, high fever, and in some localities 100% mortality. Last spring Dr. Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff of Lederle Laboratories at Pearl River, N.Y. and Dr. Joseph Willis Beard of Duke University prepared vaccines from chicken embryos which conferred immunity against both types of the disease, and this summer as many as 50,000 doses of the vaccine were shipped daily to all parts of the country...
...latest discoveries have gone even further. Other plant viruses resisted the chemical method of separation. Dr. Ralph Wyckoff, however, designed an air-driven centrifuge, which now serves not only to measure molecular weights but to perform the first separation of viruses...
Then Svedberg, Wyckoff and others weighed & measured the giants by whirling them in powerful ultracentrifuges. Stanley found that the virus which causes tobacco mosaic disease in plants is a huge molecule, which was weighed by Svedberg and Wyckoff at 17,000,000 times as much as a hydrogen atom. The virus of noninfectious rabbit warts was isolated as a protein molecule weighing 20,000,000 units...
...Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff, a Rockefeller biophysicist, uses a squeeze-press, an ultracentrifuge (TIME, Feb. 6, 1933), and an X-ray analyzer of crystalline substances. The press enables him to get juices from infected tissue without modifying ingredients in the slightest. The ultracentrifuge, whirling at 50,000 revolutions per minute, separates the ingredients into layers, including one of pure crystalline virus. X-rays prove that this virus, obtained by physical means, is exactly the same as the virus which Dr. Stanley obtained by chemical means...
Therefore, in all probability viruses are lifeless molecules. And, concluded Dr. Wyckoff, sweating on one of the hottest days Denver ever experienced, "a new field of research into the mechanism and control of disease is opened up by the possibility of treating its cause as a pure chemical compound. It is not unreasonable to hope that experiments of this type will some day indicate a new way in which the body can protect itself against dis-ease...