Word: workmanly
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...cannot go flack to the early days of capitalistic economics and simply prohibit all strikes by law. Theoretically, every workman ought to be free to quit work when he pleases-no matter if he does so alone, or in company with all the workers in his industry. Practically he is not free; the action of one economic group is no longer without immediate and vital effect on the others...
...therefore, the present-day workman chooses to strike his balance at eight hours, he is fully entitled to do so. But he must be content with the resulting return; he has no right to expect nine and ten hours' product for only, eight hours' work. This is what he all too frequently falls to see, but the fault is his and not that of the theory of wages. "The demand for the eight-hour day" says Taussig in his "Principles of Economics", is entitled to all sympathy and support", and the modern laborer is quite as adapted...
...more inclined to blame the prices and give the man his support in such an attitude. Furthermore, many employees believed it to be the general policy to compute the price at the rate which, in the opinion of the individual setting the price, was proper for the particular workman it involved. In this way, the prices were subject to all the vagaries and prejudices of human nature. Owing, also, to the uncertain status of the price setters, the final price was often but a poor compromise and the resulting inconsistency of the piece prices is apparent...
...biased judgment of the foreman was accepted, or that affecting conditions were overlooked was allayed. The question, also, whether spoiled work was accountable to the price being low or lack of proper supervision on the part of the foreman, was easily settled, for, the representative being himself a workman in the department, was more inclined to defend both himself and the price when poor supervision existed, the final result often proving to be a decided improvement all around...
...behind this movement do not intend to interfere in any way with the existing order of affairs between capital and labor. The college student will merely don old clothes, obtain a job, and then attend to it like any other workman in the shop. This will give him excellent opportunity to study at close range the actual conditions in laboring and industrial plants...