Word: waterers
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Missile Invasion. U.S. spacemen gritted their teeth and braced for anything up to and including the warm-water landing of a man-in-space shot. The Pentagon was concerned over the blunt intrusion of Russian missile power of whatever kind into the Central Pacific. But in the strict sense, the U.S. could do nothing to stall off the Soviet rockets into the Pacific without abridging its traditional support for freedom of the seas and bringing into question the U.S.'s own missile shots into international waters...
...fuel is uranyl sulphate dissolved in heavy water (which does not absorb as many neutrons as ordinary water). When this solution is flowing in a small-bore pipe, it does not react, because the fissionable uranium atoms are too strung out to form a critical mass. But when the fuel solution flows into a spherical reaction chamber, the compact mass becomes critical. A nuclear chain reaction starts, and heats the solution. Before the reaction goes too far, the solution is sucked away by pumps and forced through a heat exchanger, where it heats ordinary water to produce high-pressure steam...
Toward Synthetic Cells. Biochemist Sidney W. Fox of Florida State University reported progress toward creating life in the laboratory. Experimenters have long known that when a mixture of methane, ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor (all probable constituents of the earth's primitive atmosphere) is bombarded with electric sparks or high-energy radiation, amino acids are produced. Amino acids are the building blocks that form the multitudinous proteins in living organisms, and Dr. Fox carried the process a step farther. When he heated a mixture of amino acids with polyphosphoric acid as a catalyst, he got big molecules with...
When Dr. Fox dissolved his semi-proteins in hot water and let the solution cool, billions of microscopic spheres separated out of each gram. The spheres were about the same size as cocci (primitive bacteria), and they seemed to be sheathed with thin membranes much as bacterial cells are. Dr. Fox does not claim that his spheres are "alive," but he thinks his experiment demonstrates one possible means by which nonliving chemicals in the earth's primitive ocean may have been gathered together into cell-like units of life...
...more week of heavy Luftwaffe bombing, Author Collier argues, and London might not have justified his book's ornately Churchillian title. The city had fumbled badly since the beginning of the blitz: fire-fighting brigades, their tough prewar ranks swollen by amateurs, were poorly coordinated, and water reserves were badly located. Worse, 35 weeks of bombardment had hardened London into taking business and pleasure as usual; on the night of the great raid, perhaps half the fire watchers were AWOL...