Word: viii
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Repairing the damage done by Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn has been the subject of five years of discussions by the Joint Commission on Roman Catholic-Anglican Relations in the United States. On the international level, comparable deliberations are going on between the Vatican and the Anglican Commission. "Full communion and organic union" are the goals declared in a document released by the Episcopal Church Center in New York City last May 4, and Most Rev. Charles H. Helmsing, Catholic bishop of Kansas City St. Joseph, Mo., states emphatically: "We must bring about the union of the Anglican and Roman...
...scarlet-robed members of the College of Cardinals filed into the Vatican's Pauline Chapel for a solemn Mass in honor of Cardinal Zacchia, who was considered a shoo-in for election as the next Pope. The incumbent, Pope Urban VIII, supposedly lay dying in his villa at Castel Gandolfo 17 miles away in the Alban hills, and the cardinals were eager to show their esteem for the heir apparent. Just as the Mass was about to begin, the doors of the chapel swung open and Urban VIII, clad in full pontifical robes, strode in. Cardinal Zacchia abruptly collapsed...
...instrument or no, the air at Castel Gandolfo has refreshed 13 Popes since the time of Urban VIII, the first Pontiff to use the villa as a summer retreat from the oppressive mugginess of summertime Rome. This year Paul VI is continuing the pleasant tradition, which has been skipped by only a small number of Popes-mainly those who considered themselves "prisoners of the Vatican" after the unification of Italy in 1870. When the Italian government recognized the Castel Gandolfo estate as an extraterritorial part of an independent Vatican in 1929, Pope Pius XI promptly refurbished the place, noting ruefully...
...known as the Pope's Jews were mostly refugees from Languedoc in southwestern France, whose ruler, King Philip IV, banished Jews from the province in order to seize their property. Ironically, Philip had also helped provide a place of asylum. A quarrel between the king and Pope Boniface VIII had played a part in the election of a French Pope, who moved the papal court to Avignon in 1308. There it remained until 1377, and there the banished Jews found a home. The Avignon Popes, beginning with Clement V, welcomed them-at least partly as valued taxpayers-and guaranteed...
...playing "on pain of durance vile," but he lost so often to his barons at those very games that he was unable to come through with all the money he had pledged for the completion of Westminster Abbey. In feudal times, incorrigible gamblers had their hands whacked off. Henry VIII, who diced for the chapel bells of old St. Paul's-and lost-decreed the less painful punishment of fines in the Unlawful Games...