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...Ruhm of the University of North Carolina says the data linking recessions to drops in mortality are not yet strong enough to influence macroeconomic policies. However, he believes there are elements of the research that could prove useful to lawmakers and individuals. "For instance, we might want to have traffic enforcement efforts increase when the economy is doing well, or we might want to raise taxes on alcohol and cigarettes," he says. "For individuals, when you get a great job opportunity and you know you're going to be working really hard, you could build in plans to protect your...
...plenty of support. "The No. 1 issue for women is to be able to negotiate," Serra Sippel, president of the Center for Health and Gender Equity in Washington, tells TIME. "The main issue was the desire for women to be able to say, 'O.K., you're not going to use yours, then let's use mine.' " In the fight against AIDS, say the advocates, any little bit helps. True, studies about the efficacy of female condoms are inconclusive. But, they insist, women, especially in Uganda, need as many choices as they can get. (See pictures of Africa's AIDS crisis...
...With funding so limited, many donors argue, why invest in an expensive product that faces deep skepticism from the people who would use it? Female condoms, originally introduced in the early 1990s, have struggled to gain widespread acceptance because they are more expensive and less familiar than male condoms - they're big and baggy, make rustling noises during sex, and you need instruction and practice to learn how to insert them properly. (Read "The Pope's Anti-Condom Remarks: Candor Over...
...condom initiative it tried 10 years ago, Uganda will start by distributing only the 100,000 female condoms it has in stock in two regions. The government says it has learned its lesson from the earlier program, and will put more effort into distribution and teaching people how to use the condoms. The government plan is partly a response to demand from civil-society groups, who say Ugandan women are bearing the brunt of the AIDS epidemic. In a meeting on July 7, government officials agreed to start the program this year and extend it after a year if donors...
...even supporters of the program must confront the possibility that female condoms may simply not be effective in a place like Uganda. People in long-term relationships - male or female - are often less likely to use condoms. Yet that is exactly the group being hit hardest by the epidemic. A recent government analysis found that 65% of new infections occur among married people who have more than one long-term relationship at the same time. "Since so much transmission is taking place in long-term relationships, especially in Uganda [female condoms] are unlikely to have much impact," Helen Epstein...