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Unlike traditional anti-addiction approaches, such as 12-step programs, psychotherapy and older medications like methadone for heroin addicts or the nausea-inducing Antabuse for alcoholics, vaccines like TA-CD prevent the addictive substance from ever reaching the user's brain - that is, they inhibit the addictive cycle rather than respond to it. The goal is to eliminate the chemical cascade that results in the euphoric "high," which, in turn, sparks addiction - what comedian George Carlin once described this way: "What does cocaine make you feel like? It makes you feel like having more cocaine...
...larger proteins - in the case of TA-CD, an inactivated cholera protein that has been widely tested and is unlikely to cause side effects, according to researchers - the immune system is prompted to create antibodies to both the larger protein and the piggybacked drug. The next time the user takes cocaine by itself, the body mounts an automatic defense: Antibodies attach onto the cocaine molecules, which are then broken down by enzymes in the bloodstream. "It's just like a big sponge for cocaine in the bloodstream," Thomas Kosten says...
...Year's Eve broadcast, spoke to TIME's Rebecca Winters Keegan to explain why he became the first late-night host to return to TV during the writers' strike. He also argues that the Times Square ball-drop is TiVo-proof and talks about what happens now that user-generated content is "sort of over...
...were one of the first people to see YouTube as a talent scouting vehicle. Do you still look at it that way? I do, but it's shifted. User-generated content is sort of over now. Now it's about semi-pro. Especially when you have a late-night show that doesn't have the money everybody else does or an independent production company, you're forced to look at other ways of doing things. There's these 23-year-olds who grew up with YouTube, Google, Final Cut Pro. They shoot, they produce, they edit, they direct and star...
After selecting You and the rise of user-generated content last year, I was keen to select a person this year. I think part of the excitement of POY (as we call it internally)--and part of the challenge--is picking one individual who fits the description of the person who has most profoundly influenced the world during the past year, for better or for worse. I believe individuals can and do change the course of history, but it's often hard to tease out one person's vision and influence from the hurly-burly of events...